HEPA, or High Efficiency Particulate Air, is the standard of efficiency for an air filter. A True HEPA air filter (with HEPA filtration efficiency) must remove, from the air that passes through, at least 99.97% of particles whose diameter is equal to 0.3 μm (microns).
HEPA-type filter, on the other hand (also known as HEPA-based filter), it is the inferior version to a standard HEPA filter. It is gaining traction in the air purifier world due to the low cost with relatable efficiency. HEPA-type filter has a 99% efficiency rate or less at capturing particles as small as 2 microns.
The main differences between HEPA-type and True HEPA filter are the filtration efficiency. In general, HEPA-type filter has a 99% efficiency rate of capturing particles as small as 2 microns. True HEPA filter up with a better 99.97% efficiency rate at particles as small as 0.3 microns.
Choose True HEPA filter if mold, pollen, bacteria, and viruses are your concern. These microbes can cause many respiratory problems and viral infections. If you want a cheaper filter which still retains the HEPA goodness, then a HEPA-type filter is your choice.